The research will develop over two years and will be structured as follows: (i) study of samples from the different facies of Lago Bagno dell'Acqua; (ii) characterization at the meso- and micro-scale up to the atomic scale through the use of several analytical techniques (optical and electronic microscopies, spectroscopy, etc.); (iii) interpretations of the physical and chemical parameters obtained during the sampling campaign, (iv) study of the fossilization processes and preservation model; (v) second re-sampling campaign of the most interesting biofacies and plan of an analytical approach in simulation of Mars Sample Return missions. Expertise in outreach will be appreciated. In order to enhance the project and the research work, the training plan finally requires that the data produced be presented at national and international conferences, shared with the scientific community and published in scientific journals with a high impact.